Hormonal and Neural Mechanisms Regulating Hormone Steroids Secretion

نویسندگان

  • Roberto Domínguez
  • Angélica Flores
  • Sara E. Cruz-Morales
چکیده

Hormonal and neural signals participate in regulating the synthesis and release of steroid hormones from the adrenals, ovaries and testicles. Hormonal signals arise from the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, adipose tissue, as well as from the adrenals, ovaries and testicles. Neural signals originating in the hypothalamus and other regions of the central and peripheral nervous system modulate the responses to the hormonal signals sent to the adrenals, ovaries and testicles. In female, the involvement of the adrenal and ovarian innervations in regulating the synthesis and release of steroid hormones have shown that right and left organs have different abilities to carry out these functions (Gerendai et al., 2000; Domínguez et al., 2003). The asymmetric capacity to release steroid hormones is related to differences in the origin and type of innervations received by right and left organs (Tóth et al., 2007; Gerendai et al., 2009). In addition, the way neuroendocrine signals participate in regulating steroid hormones secretion is different for each hormone, and the release of ovarian hormones is regulated according to the day of the estrus cycle. Scientific reviews on the biochemical steps that take place during the capture and processing of cholesterol and synthesis of steroid hormones, as well as in the regulation of the enzymes activities have been published in the last decade (Auchus & Miller, 2000; Straus & Hsue, 2000; Stocco, 2008; Boon et al., 2010; Chung et al., 2011). In such regard, the present chapter presents only a summary of those aspects we think are relevant to analyze the neuroendocrine regulation of steroid hormones secretion.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Effects on steroid hormones secretion resulting from the acute stimulation of sectioning the superior ovarian nerve to pre-pubertal rats

In the adult rat, neural signals arriving to the ovary via the superior ovarian nerve (SON) modulate progesterone (P4), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) secretion. The aims of the present study were to analyze if the SON in the pre-pubertal rat also modulates ovarian hormone secretion and the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing (LH) hormone. P4, T, E2, FSH and LH se...

متن کامل

A Review of the Occurrence and Mechanisms of Induction of Osteoporosis Following Spinal Cord Injury

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes devastating injuries in patients. The main mechanisms of the pathogenesis of secondary injury include nerve degeneration, gliosis, and inflammation. Spinal cord injury induces a disorder or failure in several organs due to the vital role of the spinal cord in regulating bodily functions. Osteoporosis is a consequence of spinal cord injury that occur...

متن کامل

Endocrinology & Metabolic Syndrome

The release of gonadotropins is the main endocrine signal regulating ovulation and the release of hormones by the ovaries. Several types of growth factors modulate the effects of gonadotropins on the follicular, luteal and interstitial compartments of the ovaries. During the last 30 years, numerous studies have indicated that the ovarian innervations play a role in modulating the effects that g...

متن کامل

Changes in sex hormones and calcium regulating hormones with reference to bone mass associated with aging.

Measurement of bone mineral content (BMC), intestinal 47Ca absorption, and calcium regulating hormones and sex steroids in serum were performed on 32 healthy aged subjects and 26 control young subjects. In BMC, there was a progressive fall after age 40, with the rate of decrease being greater in women than in men. A significant correlation was observed between BMC and testosterone in the men an...

متن کامل

Pathophysiological mechanisms of gonadotropins– and steroid hormones–related genes in etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective(s): Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy in women, which, unlike its impact on fertility and health of women, there is no clear understanding about the causal mechanisms of this pathogenesis. The aim of this review paper is to investigate the pathophysiological pathways affecting the PCOS etiology, based on functions of gonadotropins– and steroid hormones–related gene...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2012